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What is web accessibility, who does it help, and why should a product team care about it?

Web accessibility means people can perceive, understand, navigate and use a site, whatever their abilities or their setup.

It helps several groups:

  • Permanent disabilities: blind users with screen readers (software that reads the page aloud), low-vision users with zoom or magnifiers, deaf users who need captions, and people with motor disabilities who use a keyboard, a switch or voice control.
  • Temporary limits: a broken arm, or eyes after a check-up.
  • Situations: bright sunlight on a phone, a noisy train with no sound, one hand holding a baby.
  • Cognitive needs: people who need simple language, clear errors and no time pressure.

The WHO estimates about 1 in 6 people live with a significant disability. So this is a large group of real users.

Why teams care:

  • Users and money: a checkout that only works with a mouse loses those customers.
  • Law: many countries require it, for example the ADA in the US and the European Accessibility Act, which applies from June 2025.
  • Quality: accessible markup is also better for SEO, for automated tests and for everyone. Captions help in a noisy room. This is the curb-cut effect: a ramp built for wheelchairs also helps people with prams and suitcases.
  • Accessibility means everyone can perceive, understand, navigate and use the site.
  • It serves permanent, temporary and situational disabilities.
  • Users rely on assistive technology such as screen readers, magnifiers, switches and voice control.
  • Many laws require it, such as the ADA and the European Accessibility Act.
  • Accessible design improves the product for everyone, which is the curb-cut effect.