Web accessibility means people can perceive, understand, navigate and use a site, whatever their abilities or their setup.
It helps several groups:
- Permanent disabilities: blind users with screen readers (software that reads the page aloud), low-vision users with zoom or magnifiers, deaf users who need captions, and people with motor disabilities who use a keyboard, a switch or voice control.
- Temporary limits: a broken arm, or eyes after a check-up.
- Situations: bright sunlight on a phone, a noisy train with no sound, one hand holding a baby.
- Cognitive needs: people who need simple language, clear errors and no time pressure.
The WHO estimates about 1 in 6 people live with a significant disability. So this is a large group of real users.
Why teams care:
- Users and money: a checkout that only works with a mouse loses those customers.
- Law: many countries require it, for example the ADA in the US and the European Accessibility Act, which applies from June 2025.
- Quality: accessible markup is also better for SEO, for automated tests and for everyone. Captions help in a noisy room. This is the curb-cut effect: a ramp built for wheelchairs also helps people with prams and suitcases.
- Accessibility means everyone can perceive, understand, navigate and use the site.
- It serves permanent, temporary and situational disabilities.
- Users rely on assistive technology such as screen readers, magnifiers, switches and voice control.
- Many laws require it, such as the ADA and the European Accessibility Act.
- Accessible design improves the product for everyone, which is the curb-cut effect.