A GraphQL query asks for user and orders. The orders resolver throws. What does a typical GraphQL server return?

The server returns "a 200 response with data.user filled, data.orders set to null, and an errors array". GraphQL supports partial results:
• Fields that resolved are returned in data.
• The failed field becomes null, if the schema allows it to be null.
• The failure is described in the errors array.

The status is often still 200, so "a 500 status with no data" is wrong. This also means that monitoring status codes alone misses GraphQL errors.