Next.js is a full framework built on React. React itself is only a UI library: it renders components, but it leaves routing, server rendering, data loading, bundling and deployment to you. Next.js fills those gaps.
Next.js adds these features:
- Routing: file-system routing, where folders become URLs, with nested layouts.
- Server rendering: static prerendering at build time, dynamic rendering per request, ISR (Incremental Static Regeneration: static pages rebuilt in the background) and streaming.
- React Server Components and Server Actions, supported as first-class features.
- Caching: a caching and revalidation system for data and pages.
- Backend logic: Route Handlers (HTTP endpoints) and middleware.
- Built-in optimizations:
next/image,next/font,next/linkprefetching and automatic code splitting per route. - Tooling: a ready-configured compiler and bundler, and several deployment outputs.
The result is better SEO and a faster first load than a client-only React app, with less setup.
- React is a UI library. Next.js is a full framework built around it.
- Next.js gives you file-system routing with nested layouts.
- It offers several server rendering options: static, dynamic, ISR and streaming.
- It adds Server Components, Server Actions, Route Handlers and middleware.
- It has built-in optimizations for images, fonts, links and bundling.